N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine is an orally active, endogenous mitochondrial stress response regulator that passively diffuses across cell membranes. It induces low-level ROS generation by transiently perturbing mitochondrial membrane potential, triggering reverse signaling to activate FoxO and Keap1 pathways. This enhances antioxidant enzyme gene expression, providing anti-stress and cytoprotective effects. N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine can improve heat stress tolerance, inhibit tumor growth, and regulate energy metabolism, with applications in aging, metabolic diseases (e.g., diabetes), and cancer research.