mRNA Vaccine Development - Infectious Disease

Introduction to mRNA Vaccines

mRNA vaccines make use of messenger RNA (mRNA) in order to induce the immune response. Unlike the typical vaccines which rely on either a weakened or inactivated strain of the pathogen, mRNA vaccines make use of a small piece of mRNA that codes for a protein from a virus. This mRNA is introduced into the body, guiding cells to produce the viral protein and prompting an immune response.

Fig. 1 Mechanism of immune activation by mRNA-LNPs vaccines. (Al Fayez N, et al., 2023)

How Do mRNA Vaccines Work?

mRNA vaccines have a sequenced several steps which detail their primary modes of action.

Step	Description
Cellular Uptake and Protein Production	Cells internalize mRNA molecules post vaccination. Such cellular processes acknowledge the mRNA that was introduced and instigate the translation of such mRNA into viral proteins.
Antigen Presentation	A newly synthesized viral protein is expressed on the cell surface, eliciting the immune system's response to non-self proteins present in the pathogen.
Immune Response Activation	In foreign proteins an immune response is triggered, also stimulation of B and T cell takes place. T cells consolidate and amplify the immune response. Antibodies in response to the viral proteins are synthesized by B cells.
Memory Cell Formation	In addition to providing cellular immunity, mRNA vaccination induces the production of memory B and T cells as well which have a record of the viral protein and therefore allows for an effective and rapid response to future exposures to the viral agent.

Application of mRNA Vaccines in Infectious Disease Prevention

The preventive measures against infectious illnesses have been greatly boosted with the introduction of mRNA vaccines. Their distinct feature and mode of function allows them to be the promising candidates in the fight against various pathogens. Several approved mRNA vaccines are listed below.

Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine

The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is an approved and typical mRNA vaccine. This vaccine utilizes messenger RNA (mRNA) to encode the spike protein found on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. After administration, the mRNA instructs cells to produce the spike protein, triggering an immune response to prevent COVID-19.

Moderna vaccine

The COVID-19 vaccine that was developed by Moderna, Inc has been classified as typical mRNA vaccine. Like the Pfizer-BioNTech, this vaccine also employs the use of mRNA to code for the SARS-CoV-2 virus's spike protein allowing the host to mount an immune response against the virus.

Our Services

Vaccines based on mRNA technology have changed the outlook on how infectious diseases are prevented and our company is the best in mRNA vaccine development and research. We are pleased to provide you with extensive and high-quality services in order to assist you in achieving the commercialization of mRNA vaccines.

Development Workflow of mRNA Vaccines

Development workflow of COVID-19 protein subunit vaccine.

Optional Infectious Diseases

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Zika Virus
Ebola Virus
Dengue Virus

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Malaria
Tuberculosis (TB)
Influenza
And More

Our company has been actively involved in the development and research of mRNA vaccines. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more details and quotation information of related services.

References

Al Fayez N, Nassar M S, Alshehri A A, et al. Recent advancement in mRNA vaccine development and applications[J]. Pharmaceutics, 2023, 15(7): 1972.
Pardi N, Hogan M J, Weissman D. Recent advances in mRNA vaccine technology[J]. Current opinion in immunology, 2020, 65: 14-20.

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