SARS-CoV-1

The COVID-19 pandemic which has affected millions globally is a product of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, arising from the SARS-CoV-1 virus which emerged in 2002.  Through the application of inventive scientific strategies and stringent research protocols, our organization furnishes a comprehensive solution for the advancement of vaccines and therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-1.

Overview of SARS-CoV-1

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1), a member of the Coronaviridae family, was first discovered in 2002 during an outbreak in the Guangdong province of China. This viruses is responsible for the development of SARS which is a disease defined by acute respiratory failure. SARS-CoV-1 is an enveloped virus and is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus. It can infect humans and several animals including Civets and Bats. The outbreak of SARS-CoV-1 led to approximately 8,450 infections and 810 deaths around the world which hints at the possibility of a severe health crisis. One of the most important S protein of the virus makes it particularly pathogenic because it assists the virus to get into the host cells by tethering to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor.

Fig.1 Cell lines that can be used for human coronavirus susceptibility analysis based on cellular receptors. (Aherfi S., et al., 2021)

Vaccine Development for SARS-CoV-1

Inactivated SARS-CoV-1 Vaccines

Some of the inactivated virus vaccines are the ones created by means of formaldehyde therapeutics, UV light, and β-propiolactone. These vaccines were found to have neutralising antibodies in animals thus marking the beginning of development of SARS- CoV-1 vaccines.

S Protein-based Vaccines

Given that the entry of SARS-CoV-1 into host cells is dependent on its spike (S) protein, it was one of the primary targets in vaccine development. There are observed neutralizing antibodies and protective responses produced in animals immunized with S protein based vaccines.

Fragment-based Vaccines

Vaccine development underwent further improvement concentrating on fragments containing neutralizing epitopes like the receptor binding domain (RBD) of S protein. The RBD is a functional component of the S protein, which facilitates viral fusion to the target cell by binding to its specific receptor. It also contains significant neutralizing epitopes.

Therapeutics Development for SARS-CoV-1

The innovation of SARS-CoV-1 medicinal therapy targeted the development of antiviral drugs from pre-existing ones and the invention of new ones. Some of them include the following:

• Ribavirin: Initially developed for chronic hepatitis C, it became an antiviral drug of variant effectiveness against SARS-CoV-1 in a number of in vitro tests.
• Lopinavir/Ritonavir: A combination of HIV protease inhibitors Lopinavir and Ritonavir; it was tested to treat SARS-CoV-1 with unconvincing results.
• Remdesivir: Recently developed for the Ebola virus; it demonstrated activity against both SARS-CoV-2 and SAR-CoV-1 making it a potential candidate.

Our Services

We offer services starting from in-depth scientific research and advanced biotechnology techniques. Additionally, we specialize in the development of therapeutics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-1.

Vaccine Development

• Live-attenuated Vaccine
• Inactivated Vaccine
• Toxoid Vaccine
• Viral Vector Vaccine
• Virus-like Particles Vaccine
• Protein Subunit Vaccine
• mRNA Vaccine
• DNA Vaccine

Therapeutic Development

• Small Molecule Drug Development Services
• Therapeutic mRNA Development Services
• Therapeutic Antibody Development Services
• Cell Therapy Development Services

Disease Models

• SARS-CoV-1 Infection 129SvEv Mouse Models
• SARS-CoV-1 Infection STAT1^-/- Mouse Models
• SARS-CoV-1 Infection hACE2 Transgenic Mouse Models
• SARS-CoV-1 Infection K18-hACE2 Mouse Models

In addition, we also provide the following services:

• Biomarker Identification: Identification of biomarkers that correlate with immune responses and disease outcomes, aiding in the evaluation of vaccine and therapeutic efficacy.
• In Vitro Efficacy Studies: Assessment of vaccine candidates and drug efficacy using cell culture models to determine neutralization capabilities and cellular responses.

If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us.

All of our services and products are intended for preclinical research use only and cannot be used to diagnose, treat or manage patients.