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The inflammation associated with ophthalmic diseases can lead to pain, vision loss, and in extreme cases, blindness. At Protheragen, we provide sophisticated ophthalmic anti-inflammatory drug development services that are customised to suit your needs.
As with many other inflammatory diseases, eye disease requires management using anti-inflammatory medications. As the name suggests, anti-inflammatory drugs seek to lessen inflammation, which is generally a multi-faceted biological response to an injury or infection. It is also the biological reaction which creates redness, swelling, pain, and occasionally loss of function within that area. Anti-inflammatory drugs target different stages of the inflammatory cascade by neutralising the production of the mediators of inflammation which can include prostaglandins, cytokines, and other signalling molecules. This type of medication seeks to relieve symptoms, lessen tissue damage, and enable the body to heal.
Fig.1 Nanomaterials for advancing ocular anti-infammatory drug therapy. (Wei J., et al., 2023)Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, prednisone, and triamcinolone, are powerful anti-inflammatory agents that bear a striking resemblance to the hormones naturally found within the body. They assist in treating critical inflammatory disorders of the eye, which include scleritis and uveitis. These drugs can be given via injection, taken orally, or administered topically through eye drops. Corticosteroids achieve their objectives by immunosuppression which causes less inflammation, mitigates pain, and encourages the body to heal.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, stopping the creation of prostaglandins which lead to both inflammation and pain. NSAIDs commonly used in ophthalmology include ibuprofen, ketorolac, and diclofenac. These eye drops are commonly used for milder inflammatory conditions. NSAIDs are used to alleviate inflammation and pain associated with disorders like conjunctivitis and mild uveitis.
Immunosuppressive Agents
Immunosuppressive agents are employed in an effort to quiet the immune response. This proves useful in the case of autoimmune eye diseases like scleritis and some forms of uveitis. Typical examples would include methotrexate, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus. These drugs are usually employed in cases of steroid failure or when the prolonged usage of corticosteroids is forbidden because of complications. Their mode of operation consists of adjusting the immune system so as to minimise inflammation and avert destruction of tissues.
Biologics
Biologics are highly specialised anti-inflammatories that act on certain parts of the immune system. Often, they are prescribed only in cases of inflammatory eye diseases that are severe or difficult to treat. For instance, adalimumab and infliximab (a TNF-α inhibitor) are examples of such drugs. Because these medications are so specific, they are greatly helpful in disorders not assisted by normal medicines and therapeutics.
We at Protheragen are aware that every project is different. Our services are tailored to the exact requirements of clients, which makes the entire process of drug development efficient and straightforward. We offer comprehensive solutions to capture the entire process, starting from the first step of discovery to preclinical studies and, in turn, save clients both time and money.
Target Identification and Validation
Utilizing advanced genomic and proteomic technologies to identify and validate molecular targets involved in ocular inflammation. Our team employs high-throughput screening and bioinformatics to pinpoint the most promising targets.
Drug Design and Optimization
Our chemists and biologists work collaboratively to design and optimize novel compounds. We employ computational modeling, structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, and medicinal chemistry to enhance drug efficacy and reduce potential side effects.
Types of Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Performing detailed PK studies to understand the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of new drugs. These studies are crucial for determining the optimal dosing regimen.
Toxicology and Safety Assessment
Our toxicology services include acute, subchronic, and chronic toxicity studies, as well as genotoxicity and carcinogenicity assessments. We ensure that all potential safety concerns are thoroughly evaluated.
With our expertise and state-of-the-art facilities, Protheragen is your trusted partner in bringing innovative ophthalmic therapeutics to market. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us.
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