Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) is a condition that belongs to a group of diseases that results from abnormal proliferation of blood cells. Protheragen has the promising researchers and scientists who possess deep knowledge of CEL and are fiercely dedicated towards advancing the therapeutics of CEL through development of innovative therapies.
Chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) is a type of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) defined by an abnormal increase in the eosinophils, a kind of white blood cell, produced in the bone marrow. Eosinophils are of great importance to the immune system because they contribute to the body's defense against infections and response to allergic reactions. In CEL, however, the overabundance of eosinophils can lead to tissue destruction and organ impairment, especially to the heart, lungs, skin, and nervous system.
Fig. 1 Possible mechanisms of eosinophilia-related changes. (Nguyen, Lynh, et al., 2024)
Understanding the pathogenesis of chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) is pivotal for advancing its therapeutic development. The main causes of CEL include gene mutation, signal pathway dysregulation and abnormal immune response. By uncovering the underlying pathological mechanisms of a disease, researchers can identify precise molecular targets for therapy.
Gene Mutations
A large percentage of CEL cases have their etiology rooted in genetic defects responsible for the uncontrolled activation of tyrosine kinases that stimulate abnormal cell proliferation and survival. The most frequently altered include PDGFRA, PDGFRB, and FGFR1.
Dysregulated Signaling Pathways
The continuing activation of downstream signaling pathways like the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK is facilitated by the activation of tyrosine kinases. These pathways synergistically promote the survival and proliferation of eosinophils.
Immune Dysregulation
Sometimes, CEL might be associated with altered immune response, which could include aberrant secretion of interleukin 5 (IL-5) that is fundamental to the growth and activation of eosinophils. This dysregulation may worsen further tissue injury.
In 2024, the market for chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) therapies is expected to exceed $350 million, which is likely to happen due to increased awareness and diagnosis of CEL. Despite this growth, there is an evident gap within the health care solutions available for individuals suffering from CEL. Creating efficient therapeutic options is not only a medical necessity, it is also a considerable opportunity to better prognosis and fill a small, yet important, void in the hematology segment of the market.
Table. 1 Drug development pipeline for chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL).
| Drugs | Types | Targeted Diseases | Developmental Stage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Imatinib | Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor | CEL with PDGFRA mutations | Approved |
| Nilotinib | Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor | CEL with PDGFRB mutations | Approved |
| Midostaurin | Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor | CEL with FGFR1 rearrangements | Approved |
| Bemcentinib | AXL Kinase Inhibitor | CEL and other myeloproliferative disorders | Clinical Trials |
| IL-5 Inhibitors | Monoclonal Antibodies | CEL and eosinophil-related diseases | Approved |
| JAK Inhibitors | JAK Pathway Inhibitors | CEL with JAK2 mutations | Approved |
Disclaimer: Protheragen focuses on providing preclinical research services. This table is for information exchange purposes only. This table is not a treatment plan recommendation. For guidance on treatment options, please visit a regular hospital.
Protheragen is at the forefront of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) and other rare myeloproliferative disorders. We carefully identify particular CEL biomarkers to aid in developing in vitro diagnostic (IVD) kits. Our therapeutic development services are focused on creating novel therapies to address the underlying mechanisms of CEL. These therapeutics undergo extensive refinement and validation in specialized disease models to guarantee their effectiveness and accuracy in treating this particular disorder.
| Xenograft Models | ||
|---|---|---|
| Xenograft models involve transplanting human chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) cells or patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) into immunodeficient mice, such as NSG or NOG mice, to study tumor growth and therapeutic response. | ||
| Genetically Engineered Models | ||
| Genetically engineered models involve the introduction of specific genetic mutations (e.g., PDGFRA, PDGFRB, or FGFR1 rearrangements) into animals to mimic the molecular drivers of CEL and provide a platform for studying disease mechanisms and testing targeted therapies. | ||
| Optional Models |
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| Induced Models | ||
| Induced models use alkylating agents, radiation, or cytokines to induce eosinophilia or myeloproliferative disorders in animals. While these models do not fully replicate CEL, they provide a simpler system for studying eosinophil biology and associated pathologies. | ||
| Optional Species | Mice, Rats, Rabbits, Zebrafish, Non-Human Primates, Others | |
At Protheragen, we are committed to validating and optimizing therapies for chronic eosinophilic leukemia (CEL) through preclinical studies including pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicology to ensure their successful regulatory approval. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us for more details and quotation information of related services.
Reference
Myeloproliferative Disorders (MPDs)
Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes (BMFS)