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Please note that we are a research service provider, not a pharmacy or clinic, so we are unable to see patients and do not offer diagnostic and treatment services for individuals.

Amaurosis Fugax

Amaurosis fugax is chiefly linked to temporary retinal ischemia caused by embolic phenomena, hemodynamic deficiency, vasospastic activity, or hypercoagulation of the blood. At Protheragen, we provide complete diagnostic and therapeutic development solutions for amaurosis fugax.

Overview of Amaurosis Fugax

Amaurosis fugax refers to a temporary vision impairment of one or both eyes which is painless and sudden, generally lasting seconds to a few minutes. Patients often report experiencing vision loss as a "curtain" or "shade" dropping over their eyes. It often serves as a warning sign for more serious conditions such as an ischemic stroke, meaning it should be taken seriously and attended to without delay. This concern tends to occur more frequently in cases over 50 years of age or in people suffering from hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and smoking.

One case was described as the sudden appearance of a dark curtain above the left eye, which lasted for about 1 minute and gradually subsided after 5 minutes.

Fig.1 One case described a sudden onset of a dark curtain over the left eye that lasted about 1 minute and gradually faded after 5 minutes. (Mbonde A. A., et al., 2022)

Diagnostics Development for Amaurosis Fugax

Imaging Studies
For amaurosis fugax, imaging studies are of paramount importance in developing the diagnosis. A carotid ultrasound is a non-invasive procedure that can also determine the presence or absence of stenosis or plaques in the carotid arteries. Specialized examination of the fundus which incorporates fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) assists in the identification of retinal emboli or the signs of ischemia in the retina.
Blood Tests
Blood tests are critical in discovering any metabolic and clotting disorders that make an individual prone to ischemic events. Common blood tests comprise of lipid profile, complete blood count, coagulation studies, and A1C hemoglobin. Cases suspected to have hypercoagulable states can have further specialized testing done with antiphospholipid antibodies and lupus anticoagulant testing.

Therapeutics Development for Amaurosis Fugax

Antiplatelet Therapy

Antiplatelet agents are frequently prescribed in amaurosis fugax to lower the risk of thrombus formation. Aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole are routinely given to mitigate recurrent ischemic episodes by inhibiting platelet aggregation. Combination regimens like aspirin and clopidogrel also have proven benefits in high-risk patients. These agents are important in both the primary and secondary prevention of ischemic events in cases suffering from amaurosis fugax.

Anticoagulation

For cases with atrial fibrillation or other cardiac sources of emboli, anticoagulation therapy is indicated. The risk of cardioembolic events is filled by both warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). Apixaban, rivaroxaban, and dabigatran DOACs are now preferred over warfarin because of the lower risks of bleeding and ease of use. Anticoagulation therapy is critical in preventing recurrent ischemic episodes in cases with amaurosis fugax of cardioembolic origin.

Our Services

Protheragen provides end-to-end services for the creation of both diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for Amaurosis Fugax. We help researchers and pharmaceutical companies as they tackle preclinical studies to create effective therapeutics against this condition.

Diagnostics Development

Karyotype Analysis Service
Omics Analysis Service
Biomarker Development Service
Artificial Intelligence Service

Therapeutic Development

Small Molecule Drug
Cell Therapy
Gene Therapy
Therapeutic Antibody
Therapeutic Peptide
Therapeutic Protein

Preclinical Research

Pharmacodynamics Study Services
Pharmacokinetics Study Services
Drug Safety Evaluation Services

Disease Models

Mouse Model of Global and Transient Retinal Ischemia
Nmnat1 Mutant Mouse Models
Canine Model of RPE65-LCA

Protheragen's preclinical research services are directed towards goals such as deepening the understanding of amaurosis fugax, as well as designing novel diagnostics and therapeutics for the condition. Our skilled researchers perform outstanding preclinical studies that comprise the use of experimental animals and in vitro assays. These studies are aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of proposed new diagnostics and therapeutics. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us.

Reference

Mbonde, Amir A., et al. "Current guidelines on the management of amaurosis fugax and transient ischemic attacks." Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology 11.2 (2022): 168-176.