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Project Description

Please note that we are a research service provider, not a pharmacy or clinic, so we are unable to see patients and do not offer diagnostic and treatment services for individuals.

Hordeolum

Hordeolum (stye), or mild infection of the eyelid, is an acute and painful inflammation of the eyelid margin. At Protheragen, we offer a comprehensive range of services for the development of diagnostics and therapeutics for hordeolum. Our professionals integrate advanced technology with comprehensive scientific strategies to develop innovative approaches in hordeolum research.

Introduction to Hordeolum

Hordeolum, which is commonly known as a stye, is a common eye condition marked by an abscess forming within the sebaceous glands of the eyelid. It largely occurs due to a bacterial infection; the most common one is Staphylococcus aureus. The infection usually involves the meibomian glands (internal hordeolum) or the glands of Zeis and Moll (external hordeolum). Some of the symptoms accompanying the condition are pain, redness, and swelling, which tend to get better by themselves within one to two weeks. Untreated, there may be problems like preseptal cellulitis or recurrence.

The incidence of Demodex infection in adult and pediatric cases in the recurrent hordeolum group and the control group.

Fig. 1 Incidence of Demodex infestation in adult and pediatric cases in the recurrent hordeolum and control groups. (Jun S. Y., et al., 2021)

Pathogenesis of Hordeolum

The beginnings of hordeolum occurs through multiple avenues including bacterial invasion, inflammation, and other possible complications. Staphylococcus aureus is the worst offender; it invades the sebaceous glands and sets off an acute inflammation of the gland. This leads to the formation of an abscess within the affected gland, characterized by localized pain, redness, and swelling. The inflammatory process involves the recruitment of immune cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, which contribute to the formation of pus. Sometimes, the infection can extend into surrounding deeper structures, and cause preseptal or orbital cellulitis. More aggressive therapeutic approaches with systemic antibiotics or surgical drainage become more necessary and essential due to these complications.

Therapeutics Development for Hordeolum

Topical Antibiotics
Topical antibiotics like bacitracin, polymyxin B, and erythromycin, which are found in eye ointments or oral drops, may be recommended to address the infection and inflammation. These drugs are administered in the areas of infection to reach the offending organism directly.

Oral Antibiotics
In the event of a severe infection, topical treatment such as topical antibiotics may not be very useful, and in that situation, medications can be taken by mouth, like flucloxacillin or cephalexin, can be administered. These medicines contain systemic actions and assist in getting rid of the infection, along with preventing complications like orbital cellulitis.

Our Services

Protheragen is focused on developing accurate diagnostics and therapeutics for hordeolum. We offer specialized services tailored towards supporting preclinical research, with an emphasis on formulating novel approaches alongside enhancing current therapeutics. Utilizing modern technologies and knowledge in microbiology, immunology, and pharmacology, we are able to deliver comprehensive services to our clients.

Diagnostics Development

Therapeutic Development

Preclinical Research

Disease Models

Staphylococcus aureus Induced Mouse Models
Staphylococcus aureus Induced Rabbit Models
Staphylococcus aureus Induced Rat Models
Staphylococcus aureus Induced Guinea Pig Models
Staphylococcus aureus Induced Non-Human Primate Models

Protheragen takes great pride in providing bespoke services to meet the distinct needs of each client. We are able to modify our methods and approaches and cater to particular research challenges and development objectives thanks to our flexibility and industry know-how. Be it new assay development, custom optimization of animal models, specialized data analysis, or any other service, Protheragen always strives to achieve the highest standards of bespoke service. If you are interested in our services, please feel free to contact us.

References

Jun, Sung Yeon, et al. "Clinical characteristics of Demodex-associated recurrent hordeola: an observational, comparative study." Scientific Reports 11.1 (2021): 21398.
Lindsley, Kristina, Jason J. Nichols, and Kay Dickersin. "Interventions for acute internal hordeolum." Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 9 (2010).