Protein Arginine Deiminase (PAD)

Protein arginine deiminase (PAD) is a family of calcium-dependent enzymes that play critical roles in the process of citrullination. These enzymes can convert arginine residues into citrulline through a chemical reaction. This conversion results in the formation of citrullinated proteins, which exhibit altered structure and function compared to their arginine-containing counterparts. Excessive citrullination has been linked to autoimmune diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), and certain cancers.

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