Histone Acetyltransferases

Histone acetyltransferases (HAT) are enzymes that acetylate histones. Histone acetyltransferases can be divided into two families based on different substrate properties, the GNAT family (GCN5-related nacetyltrans-ferases family) and the MYST (MOZ, Ybf2/Sas3, Sas2, and Tip60) family. Although both contain acetyl-CoA homologous sequences, there are differences in their core regions. Functionally, the GNAT family is mainly responsible for the acetylation of lysine sites on histone H3, while the MYST family is related to the acetylation of lysine sites on histone H4 (such as H4K16).

Research shows that abnormal HAT activity can lead to a variety of diseases ranging from neuropathy to cancer. Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) regulate the acetylation levels of histones and transcription factors, thereby playing an important role in controlling cellular life activities.

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